Abstract
Objective: To determine normal arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) trend during first 30 min of life and to evaluate for difference in SpO2 trends in healthy term newborns of normal delivered (NVD) and caserean section (CS) and to determine the possible relationship between the normal levels of oxygen saturation and birth weight at 0 and 5th minute of life. Methods: This Prospective Cross-sectional Observational study was conducted in Department of Paediatric Medicine SMS Medical College, Jaipur. Term neonates born by NVD and elective CS were included and readings of oxygen saturation levels were obtained at an interval of 5 minutes up to 30 minutes. Secondary objective is to determine the relation of SpO2 levels of term newborn with birth weight irrespective of mode of delivery. Results: Difference in values of NVD and CS neonates were statistically significant for 1st and 30th min (p- 0.001 and -0.003) respectively. SpO2 is negatively related to birth weight. Conclusions: The study defines the normal SpO2 in healthy term newborns of NVD and CS and also concludes that there is significant difference in SpO2 levels at 1st and 30th minute of life in NVD and CS babies. In healthy term newborns, levels of SpO2 measured at 1st and 5th minute of life are negatively related to birth weight.
Highlights
Transition from a foetus to newborn is a complex physiological process
[2] In algorithms for neonatal resuscitation published by the International Liaison Committee for Resuscitation, [3] European Resuscitation Council and Australian Resuscitation Council, [4] clinical assessment of an infant's color and heart rate are used as major action points
Table-1:The SpO2 levels recorded at different timings in newborns of normal delivered (NVD) and ECS
Summary
Pulse oximetry is a simple, noninvasive, reliable method to assess the condition of infant immediately after birth. NRP 2012 reviewed the target predicted SpO2 levels at set timings after birth [1] The target levels are 1st min 60-65% 2nd min 65-70% 3rd min 70-75% 4th min 75-80%. During the first few minutes of life, oxygen saturation (saturation by pulse oximetry, SpO2) increases from intra partum levels of 30–40%. [2] In algorithms for neonatal resuscitation published by the International Liaison Committee for Resuscitation, [3] European Resuscitation Council and Australian Resuscitation Council, [4] clinical assessment of an infant's color (a measure of oxygenation) and heart rate are used as major action points. Assessing color is difficult and is a poor proxy for tissue oxygenation during the first few minutes of life
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