Abstract
Li-air batteries utilizing Li-O-2 reactions have the highest theoretical capacity and energy density in the Li-battery family, and potentially have the ability to transform energy storage. Thus, it is crucial to understand the oxygen reaction mechanism in Li+ electrolyte because it is the core reaction occurring in the Li-air cells currently under intense R&D. This review summarized the oxygen reaction mechanism during discharge and charge of a nonaqueous Li-air cell by taking Au/CH3CN as a model system: On discharge, O-2 is reduced to O-2(-), which then forms LiO2 on the electrode surface which disproportionates to Li2O2. On charging, Li2O2 decomposes directly, in a one-step reaction to evolve O-2 and does not pass through LiO2 as an intermediate. Along with presenting the oxygen reaction mechanism, the relevant electrochemical methods are also described.
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