Oxygen Delivery Systems and the Anesthesia Workstation

Abstract

The term anesthesia workstation is defined as a system for the administration of anesthesia to patients. It consists of the anesthesia gas supply device (i.e., the anesthesia machine), anesthesia ventilator, monitoring devices, and protection device(s) [1]. Because otolaryngologists operate in close proximity to the head, neck, and airway, anesthesiologists are usually required to manage otolaryngologic patients away from their equipment. Emergent situations such as airway loss, electrical power outages, fires and equipment failures in the operating room must be immediately addressed to assure patient safety and prevent adverse outcomes [2]. Given these unique situations, otolaryngologists need to be familiar with the anesthesia machine and workstation should they be called upon to assist their anesthesia colleagues during routine care and intraoperative emergencies. Additionally many otolaryngology patients have significant pulmonary, cardiovascular, and airway pathology requiring the need for supplemental oxygen in the perioperative period. A working knowledge of various oxygen delivery systems is critical for the proper care and wellness of their perioperative patient. Therefore, it is important that every otolaryngologist gains a familiarity with the devices and technology that deliver oxygen to patients. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce otolaryngologist to the basic principles of the anesthesia workstation, anesthesia gas delivery system, and oxygen supply equipment while serving as a basic overview of these devices for the practicing anesthesiologist.