Oxygen-deficiency induced fluorescence nanosensor (ODIFN): Synthesis of Two-Dimensional NayWO4-x·2H2O nanosheets and its application in dopamine detection

Abstract

Oxygen-deficiency induced fluorescence nanosensor (ODIFN) method applied in the Two-Dimensional nanosheets has been demonstrated in this paper. In this approach, we synthesized the abundant oxygen-deficient Two-Dimensional (2D) NayWO4-x·2H2O nanosheets fluorescence sensors and applied them for highly sensitive and selective dopamine detection. Researchers have been intensively motivated to create novel nanomaterials that enable the effective detection of dopamine (DA) in clinical samples. DA is a significant biomarker for various brain-related diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. We developed 2D NayWO4-x·2H2O nanosheets that exhibited a stable fluorescence emission at λem 360 nm. The non-stochiometric Na presenting in 2D nanosheets acts as a defecting agent for oxygen deficiency that results in strong and stable fluorescence. The fabricated fluorescence nanosheets were exhibited for the detection of dopamine with high sensitivity and selectivity. The ODIFN demonstrated a linear range of detection from 50 nM to 2 µM with a limit of detection of 0.31 nM and a very high R2 value of 0.996. Moreover, the sensor performance was evaluated in a biological fluid (blood serum) with results of R2 value of 0.995, which proves the high potential of NayWO4-x·2H2O nanosheets in DA sensing. The ODIFN via the 2D NayWO4-x·2H2O fluorescent sensor is a novel platform for producing artificial fluorescence that can be widely applied in all fields such as medical, biological, and life science fields to replace the traditional dyes that are highly harmful to environments.