Abstract
The enthusiasm of many chemists for green chemistry has increased due to its clean and sustainable features. Here, plant leaf-derived carbon dots (CDPs) and oxidized CDPs (o-CDPs) were synthesized through a simple pyrolytic procedure. The results of the controlled trial showed that the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) performances of o-CDPs were significantly better than those of CDPs. Among them, oxidized maple CDP (o-CDP-M) exhibited the highest ECL intensity with a maximum emission wavelength of 520 nm and could be used as a new type of "green source" luminophore. In view of the considerable role of microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) in tumour overexpression, it was chosen as the target molecule. In combination with the cascade amplification strategy, an ultrasensitive “signal-on” ECL biosensor based on o-CDP-M was developed. Possessing the merits of eco-friendliness and high selectivity, the proposed biosensor achieved ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-21 with a dynamic range from 1 fM to 1 nM and a detection limit as low as 0.27 fM. It was successfully used to analyse miRNA-21 in tumour cell extracts. This work provides a new opportunity for synthesizing “green source” luminophores and detecting various trace miRNA species.
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