Oxide Protection of Materials in Melts of Lead and Bismuth

Abstract

Corrosion and mass transfer in lead–bismuth flow circuits proceed in the range of concentrations of dissolved oxygen of 5 · 10−7–10−12 mass %. We have developed and implemented a technology of continuous oxide protection of materials against corrosion in lead–bismuth nonisothermal flow circuits with the heat carrier mass up to 70 tons, the surface area of steels up to 2000 m2, and temperatures up to 650°C under conditions of control, regulation, and maintenance of the oxidation potential of a heat carrier in flow circuits.