Abstract
Friction stir welding of an aluminum-containing oxide dispersion-strengthened steel causes significant oxide particle growth visible at both the nano- and microscales. Quantitative stereology of scanning electron images, small-angle X-ray scattering, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and atom-probe tomography is used to quantify the degree of particle coarsening as a function of welding parameters. Results show the dispersed oxides are significantly coarsened in the stir zone due to a proposed combination of agglomeration, Ostwald ripening, and phase transformation within the Al2O3-Y2O3 system. This oxide particle coarsening effectively removes all strengthening contribution of the original oxide particles, as confirmed by uniaxial tensile tests and microhardness measurements.
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