Abstract
BackgroundDNA repair is a cellular defence mechanism responding to DNA damage caused in large part by oxidative stress. There is a controversy with regard to the effect of red blood cells on DNA damage and cellular response.AimTo investigate the effect of red blood cells on H2O2-induced DNA damage and repair in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.MethodsDNA breaks were induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by H2O2 in the absence or presence of red blood cells, red blood cells hemolysate or hemoglobin. DNA repair was measured by 3H-thymidine uptake, % double-stranded DNA was measured by fluorometric assay of DNA unwinding. DNA damage was measured by the comet assay and by the detection of histone H2AX phosphorylation.ResultsRed blood cells and red blood cells hemolysate reduced DNA repair in a dose-dependent manner. Red blood cells hemolysate reduced % double-stranded DNA, DNA damage and phosphorylation of histone H2AX. Hemoglobin had the same effect as red blood cells hemolysate on % double-stranded DNA.ConclusionRed blood cells, via red blood cells hemolysate and hemoglobin, reduced the effect of oxidative stress on peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA damage and phosphorylation of histone H2AX. Consequently, recruitment of DNA repair proteins diminished with reduction of DNA repair. This suggests that anemia predisposes to increased oxidative stress induced DNA damage, while a higher hemoglobin level provides protection against oxidative-stress-induced DNA damage.
Highlights
The DNA repair system is a cellular defence mechanism responding to DNA damage caused in large part by oxidative stress
This suggests that anemia predisposes to increased oxidative stress induced DNA damage, while a higher hemoglobin level provides protection against oxidative-stress-induced DNA damage
With the addition of 0.3%, 0.6%, 1% and 2% v/v red blood cells (RBC) hemolysate to the medium, the calculated ds-DNA ratio was 1.4060.04, 1.5560.03; 1.6260.03 and 1.7660.02, respectively, p,0.001 for all concentrations (N = 10, Fig. 3). These results demonstrate that RBC hemolysate improved ds-DNA in a dosedependent manner
Summary
The DNA repair system is a cellular defence mechanism responding to DNA damage caused in large part by oxidative stress. The DNA damaging agents are either external, such as pollution and exposure to sunshine or other types of irradiation, or internal such as a consequence of replication or metabolic pathways that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). One of the ROS which causes DNA damage is H2O2. H2O2 induces double strand breaks (DSBs), which are followed by DNA repair [1,2]. The H2O2-induced DNA repair measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) has been previously used in our laboratory [1,3,4]. DNA repair is a cellular defence mechanism responding to DNA damage caused in large part by oxidative stress. There is a controversy with regard to the effect of red blood cells on DNA damage and cellular response
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