Oxidative stress under general intravenous and inhalation anaesthesia

Sandra Alavuk Kundović,Dubravka Rašić,Ksenija Črnjar,Maja Peraica,Ljiljana Popović

doi:10.2478/aiht-2020-71-3437

Abstract

Oxidative stress occurs when reactive oxygen species (ROS) production overwhelms cell protection by antioxidants. This review is focused on general anaesthesia-induced oxidative stress because it increases the rate of complications and delays recovery after surgery. It is important to know what effects of anaesthetics to expect in terms of oxidative stress, particularly in surgical procedures with high ROS production, because their either additive or antagonistic effect may be pivotal for the outcome of surgery. In vitro and animal studies on this topic are numerous but show large variability. There are not many human studies and what we know has been learned from different surgical procedures measuring different endpoints in blood samples taken mostly before and after surgery. In these studies most intravenous anaesthetics have antioxidative properties, while volatile anaesthetics temporarily increase oxidative stress in longer surgical procedures.

Highlights

Oxidative stress occurs when reactive oxygen species (ROS) production overwhelms cell protection by antioxidants
Anaesthetics-related oxidative stress is most often measured as plasma MDA levels or thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) [6]
DNA damage is established by upregulation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and migration of broken DNA measured either by single-cell gel electrophoresis or more specific comet assays such as formamidopyridine DNA N-glycolase (Fpg) or enzyme-modified and human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase comet assay

Summary

Introduction

Oxidative stress occurs when reactive oxygen species (ROS) production overwhelms cell protection by antioxidants. There are not many human studies and what we know has been learned from different surgical procedures measuring different endpoints in blood samples taken mostly before and after surgery. In these studies most intravenous anaesthetics have antioxidative properties, while volatile anaesthetics temporarily increase oxidative stress in longer surgical procedures. Oxidative stress is the imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidative cell defence, which disrupts redox signalling and control and causes molecular damage [1]. Anaesthetics-induced oxidative stress may affect lipids, proteins, and DNA. In animal studies measurements may involve other organs as well

Objectives

Results

Conclusion