Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cellular Toxicity and Glycoxidation of Biomolecules by Cosmetic Products under Sunlight Exposure

Syed Faiz Mujtaba,Agha Parvez Masih,Ahmad Alsulimani,Shafiul Haque,Faizan Haider Khan,Ibrahim Alqasmi

doi:10.3390/antiox10071008

Syed Faiz Mujtaba, Agha Parvez Masih + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071008

Copy DOI

Abstract

Cosmetics, commonly known as ‘makeup’ are products that can enhance the appearance of the human body. Cosmetic products include hair dyes, shampoos, skincare, sunscreens, kajal, and other makeup products. Cosmetics are generally applied throughout the face and over the neck region. Sunlight has different wavelengths of light, which include UV-A, UV-B, UV-C, and other radiations. Most cosmetic products have absorption maxima (λmax) in the range of visible light and UV-R. The effect of light-induced photosensitization of cosmetic products, which results in the production of free radicals through type-I and type-II photosensitization mechanisms. Free-radicals-mediated DNA damage and oxidative stress are common consequences of cosmetic phototoxicity. Cosmetic phototoxicity may include percutaneous absorption, skin irritation, eye irritation, photosensitization, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity. Oxidative stress induces membrane lipid peroxidation, glycoxidation, and protein covalent modifications, resulting in their dysfunction. Natural antioxidants inhibit oxidative-stress-induced cosmetic toxicity. Sunlight-induced photodegradation and accumulation of cosmetic photoproducts are also a matter of serious concern. India has tropical weather conditions throughout the year and generally, a majority of human activities such as commerce, agriculture, sports, etc. are performed under bright sunlight conditions. Thus, more focused and dedicated research is warranted to explore the effects of cosmetics on oxidative stress, glycoxidation of biomolecules, and photoproducts accumulation for its total human safety.

Highlights

Cosmetics are products usually made to cleanse, enhance beauty, prevent skin tanning, increase attractiveness, enrich facial expressions, or altering the appearance without compromising the body’s functions or structure
Apart from heavy metals such as Hg and Pb, a variety of established toxic chemicals are still being used as common ingredients in cosmetics, which are prohibited by many countries
Past studies have reported that cancer, renal failure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, yellowish-brown coloration, multiple stretch marks, and skin rashes are few of the health and toxicological hazards linked with cosmetic product usage and are associated with toxic chemicals used in the preparation of cosmetics [52]

Summary

Introduction

Cosmetics ( referred to as personal care products) are products usually made to cleanse, enhance beauty, prevent skin tanning, increase attractiveness, enrich facial expressions, or altering the appearance without compromising the body’s functions or structure. The chemical constituents present in cosmetics such as sunscreen, lipsticks, and hair dyes can cause adverse effects in the form of skin allergy, contact dermatitis, or other skin-related diseases [1]. The problems related to cosmetics’ toxicity may be short term and go away if the use of the product is stopped. A majority of the cosmetic products contain water and nutrients that provide utopia for microbial growth and survival. Skin infections can be caused by contaminated hair dyes, body lotions, and sunscreens, when they are applied to dried, cracked, or compromised skin.

Objectives

Findings

Discussion

Conclusion