Oxidative Stress in Children with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.

Fatih Dilek,Abdurrahim Kocyigit,Zeynep Tamay,Emin Ozkaya,Mebrure Yazici,Deniz Ozceker,Nermin Guler,Siddika Kesgin

doi:10.1155/2016/3831071

Abstract

The pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has not been fully understood; nevertheless, significant progress has been achieved in recent years. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of CSU. Sixty-two children with CSU and 41 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. An extensive evaluation of demographic and clinical features was done, and serum oxidative stress was evaluated by plasma total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) measurements. The median value of plasma TOS was found to be 10.49 μmol H2O2 equiv./L (interquartile range, 7.29–17.65) in CSU patients and 7.68 μmol H2O2 equiv./L (5.95–10.39) in the control group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.003). Likewise, the median plasma TAS level in the CSU group was decreased significantly compared to that of the control group (2.64 [2.30–2.74] versus 2.76 [2.65–2.86] mmol Trolox equiv./L, resp., p = 0,001). Our results indicated that plasma oxidative stress is increased in children with CSU when compared to healthy subjects, and plasma oxidative stress markers are positively correlated with disease activity.

Highlights

Chronic urticaria (CU) is defined as urticaria that has been continuously or intermittently present for at least six weeks [1]
Subjects who had acute infections, who had a history of maternal or paternal smoking, who were taking any medications except antihistamines or montelukast, who were overweight or obese, and who had concomitant diagnosed asthma, allergic rhinitis, or atopic dermatitis were excluded from the study [20,21,22,23,24]
Twelve children who were diagnosed with physical urticaria (PU), seven patients in whom an underlying cause was identified [thyroid autoantibodies in three children, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in two patients, food allergy in one, and urinary infection in one], one patient who was obese, two patients who had a history of paternal smoking, one patient whose family refused to participate in the study, six patients who had proven concomitant asthma, four patients who had concomitant allergic rhinitis, and one patient who had concomitant atopic dermatitis were excluded from the study (Figure 1)

Summary

Introduction

Chronic urticaria (CU) is defined as urticaria that has been continuously or intermittently present for at least six weeks [1]. The lifetime prevalence of CU is 2-3% in the general population, and at any time 0.5–1% of the population suffers from the disease [1, 2]. The prevalence of CU in children is much lower than in adults and is reportedly as low as 0.1– 0.3% of the child population [3]. The etiology of CU is quite heterogeneous; autoimmunity, physical stimuli, infections, vasculitis, and allergies (e.g., foods, drugs, latex, and food constituents) are major etiologic causes [1]. An underlying cause can be outlined in only 20–55% of children with CU [4, 5]. Physical stimuli are the most commonly identified etiological reasons, and approximately 15% of patients with

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Conclusion