Oxidative Stress and Post-Ischemic Inflammatory Response in Ischemic Stroke Complicated with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Gohar Tsakanova,Armine Soghoyan,Elina Arakelova,Violetta Ayvazyan

doi:10.4236/jbm.2015.33014

Abstract

Oxidative stress and post-ischemic inflammatory response are the key pathogenic mechanisms of the neuronal injury caused by ischemic stroke (IS). On the other hand, Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of stroke, increasing the susceptibility to atherosclerosis and the prevalence of atherogenic risk factors, including hypertension, obesity, and abnormal blood lipids. The aim of current study was to analyze the functional activity of oxidant-antioxidant system and post-ischemic inflammatory response in IS patients complicated and noncomplicated with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). ELISA, photochemiluminescent and spectrophotometric methods were used to analyze the serum samples of IS patients complicated and noncomplicated with DM2, DM2 patients, as well as healthy subjects. The results obtained suggest that IS complicated with diabetes is characterized by higher intensity of the lipid peroxidation process as compared to IS noncomplicated with diabetes that, probably, is one of the determining factors responsible for more severe clinical course of IS patients complicated with DM2 compared to those noncomplicated with DM2. It is also shown that mechanisms of the compensatory response to oxidative stress on the level of antioxidants in IS patients complicated with diabetes differ from those detected in IS noncomplicated with diabetes. A significant increase of the levels of the five analyzed cytokines in both groups of IS patients were detected. Based on the results obtained we suggest that metabolic, molecular, and cellular level alterations are typical for long-term DM2 impair compensatory mechanisms protecting the body from oxidative stress, and that in IS complicated with DM2 the systemic inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress are more intense than in case of IS noncomplicated with DM2.

Highlights

Stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability worldwide after heart disease and cancer and is the majorHow to cite this paper: Tsakanova, G., Arakelova, E., Soghoyan, A. and Ayvazyan, V. (2015) Oxidative Stress and PostIschemic Inflammatory Response in Ischemic Stroke Complicated with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
The same is observed in diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) patients, the mechanisms and factors underlying the development of Oxidative stress (OS) in DM2 differ from those found in ischemic stroke (IS) [9]
This, explains the fact that the levels of lipid hydroperoxides are 1.3 times significantly higher (р < 0.05) in IS patients complicated with DM2 rather than in IS patients noncomplicated with DM2 and, probably, is one of the factors responsible for more severe course of diabetic IS [10] [11]

Summary

Introduction

How to cite this paper: Tsakanova, G., Arakelova, E., Soghoyan, A. and Ayvazyan, V. (2015) Oxidative Stress and PostIschemic Inflammatory Response in Ischemic Stroke Complicated with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. (2015) Oxidative Stress and PostIschemic Inflammatory Response in Ischemic Stroke Complicated with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Oxidative stress (OS) and postischemic inflammatory response are the key pathogenic factors leading to uncontrolled cell damage and death, which badly influences stroke progression and outcome [3] [4]. The present study aimed to reveal the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of OS and inflammatory reactions in human IS on the systemic level and to identify the molecular components involved in the above mentioned processes. To study the inflammatory reactions we assessed the state of cytokine network in acute ischemic stroke and comparison of functional activities of proinflammatory and chemotactic cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1 and CXCL1, in IS complicated and noncomplicated with DM2 in postischemic inflammatory response progression

Study Population

Methods

Results

Conclusion