Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important pathogenic factor involved in human aging. Human skin is a primary target of oxidative stress from ROS generated from both extrinsic and intrinsic sources, like ultraviolet irradiation (UV) and endogenous oxidative metabolism. Oxidative stress causes the alterations of collagen-rich extracellular matrix (ECM), the hallmark of skin connective tissue aging. Age-related alteration of dermal collagenous ECM impairs skin structural integrity and creates a tissue microenvironment that promotes age-related skin diseases, such as poor wound healing and skin cancer. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of oxidative stress and CCN1 protein (first member of CCN family proteins), a critical mediator of oxidative stress-induced skin connective tissue aging.
Highlights
Human skin is the largest and the heaviest organ of the human body
Human skin is a primary target of oxidative stress from Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from both extrinsic and intrinsic sources, like ultraviolet irradiation (UV) and endogenous oxidative metabolism
Oxidative stress causes the alterations of collagen-rich extracellular matrix (ECM), the hallmark of skin connective tissue aging
Summary
Human skin is the largest and the heaviest organ of the human body. The primary function of the skin is to provide a protective barrier to harmful environmental factors, such as solar UV, pathogens, physical and chemical insults. Human skin is exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from both environmental sources like ultraviolet irradiation (UV) (photoaging) [7] and endogenous oxidative metabolism (natural aging) [8]. These oxidative stresses causes alterations of dermal collagen-rich matrisome proteins, which impairs skin structural and mechanical integrity and creates a tissue microenvironment that promotes age-related skin diseases, such as poor wound healing [9,10] and skin cancer [11,12,13]. Oxidative stress is an important pathogenic factor involved in human skin aging process, as described below
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