Oxidative nucleic acid damage as a biomarker for preeclampsia

Abstract

Recent studies have reported that nucleic acid oxidation is elevated in preeclampsia. Furthermore, it is known that products of nucleic acid oxidation are eventually removed through the urine. The aim of this study was to check whether urine can be used as a non-invasive specimen to analyse nucleic acid oxidation in preeclampsia. We carried out a case-control study by enrolling preeclamptic pregnant (n = 31) and normotensive pregnant (n = 31) women. Urine samples from the study participants were collected and the levels of oxidised guanine species (a common product of nucleic acid oxidation) were determined by ELISA method. The urinary levels of oxidised guanine species were significantly higher in the preeclamptic pregnant group compared to the normotensive pregnant group (p = 0.001). The results were also analysed after stratifying the preeclamptic group in terms of severity and gestational age of onset. A significant difference was observed in both mild (p = 0.005) and severe preeclampsia (p = 0.01). However, a significant difference was observed only in the late onset (p = 0.001) and not in the early onset preeclampsia (p = 0.56). The results of this study show that oxidised guanine level is elevated in the urine of preeclamptic pregnant women. IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? Nucleic acid oxidation is elevated in preeclampsia. However, the utility of urine (a non-invasive specimen) to analyse nucleic acid oxidation is not known. What do the results of this study add? This study shows that the levels of oxidised guanine (a marker of nucleic acid oxidation) are elevated in the urine of preeclamptic women. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Urinary levels of oxidised guanine may be developed as a non-invasive biomarker for preeclampsia.