Abstract
Catalysts consisting of zinc-chromium ferrite and magnesium-chromium ferrite have been studied for the oxidative dehydrogenation of butene-2 to butadiene. These catalysts have a spinel structure with Cr +3 replacing Fe +3 in octahedral sites. The substitution of chromium for iron (in the spinel) greatly increases the efficiency of the catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation and stabilizes the catalyst against bulk reduction in a hydrocarbon atmosphere. Data for both oxidative dehydrogenation and butene isomerization indicate that the reaction proceeds via an allylic intermediate. The dehydrogenation reaction involves two oxygen species, an adsorbed oxygen ion and an O −2 lattice oxygen. Mössbauer spectra and magnetic susceptibilities are discussed along with effects of varying the chromium concentration on the physical properties and catalytic activity of these spinels.
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