Oxidative degradation of some antibiotics by permanganate ion in alkaline medium: A kinetic and mechanistic approach

Ahmed Fawzy,Nada Alqarni,Metwally Abdallah

doi:10.4314/tjpr.v19i9.28

Ahmed Fawzy, Nada Alqarni + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v19i9.28

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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the kinetics of oxidative removal of two β-lactam antibiotics (A), namely, ampicillin and flucloxacillin.Methods: In this study, permanganate ion (MnO4-) was used as an oxidant in an alkaline medium at fixed ionic strength of 0.1 mol dm-3 and a temperature of 298 K utilizing a spectrophotometric technique. The obtained oxidation products were characterized using spot tests and FT-IR spectra.Results: The stoichiometry of the reactions was 1:4 (A : MnO4-). The reactions were a first order credence in [MnO4-] and fractional-first order kinetics in antibiotic and hydroxyl ion. Influence of ionic strength was successfully explored. Dependence of reaction rates on temperature was studied and the activation parameters were computed and discussed. A plausible mechanism for the oxidation reactions has been elucidated. A consistent rate-law expression was also derived.Conclusion: This study introduces a significant treatment method for antibiotic removal, thus helping to protect the environment and human health. Keywords: Permanganate, Antibiotics, Oxidative degradation, Kinetics, Mechanism

Highlights

Antibiotics are amongst the most noteworthy group of pharmaceutical drugs utilized in curing human and animals from fungal and bacterial inflammations [1]
In view of the previously mentioned aspects, the existing investigation is concerned with the kinetic mechanism of oxidative removal of two β-lactam antibiotics, viz, ampicillin and flucloxacillin using permanganate ion (MnO4-), which is a significant, powerful and inexpensive oxidant [14,15,16] in aqueous alkaline medium
This study aims to find out the reactive species of antibiotic bioreductants, as well as permanganate ion oxidant in alkaline medium, in order to to discover the selectivity of antibiotics towards MnO4- in such medium

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Antibiotics are amongst the most noteworthy group of pharmaceutical drugs utilized in curing human and animals from fungal and bacterial inflammations [1]. Antibiotics undergo oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis, resulting in biotransformation of antibiotics in the body so that they can be eliminated more This process may lead to an active, inactive or pharmacological metabolite entering the environment and water cycle, and this can have a negative and harmful impact, disturbing the ecological balance [3,4]. In view of the previously mentioned aspects, the existing investigation is concerned with the kinetic mechanism of oxidative removal of two β-lactam antibiotics, viz, ampicillin and flucloxacillin (their structures shown in Figure 1) using permanganate ion (MnO4-), which is a significant, powerful and inexpensive oxidant [14,15,16] in aqueous alkaline medium. All experiments were performed three times and the rate constants were found to be reproducible in the range of ± 3 %

RESULTS

CONCLUSION

Conflict of interest