Oxidative damages in erythrocytes of patients with metabolic syndrome

A Ziobro,M Koter-Michalak,A Mulik,P Duchnowicz,M Broncel

doi:10.1007/s11010-013-1617-7

Abstract

The aim of the study was to estimate the changes caused by oxidative stress in structure and function of membrane of erythrocytes from patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). The study involved 85 patients with MS before pharmacological treatment and 75 healthy volunteers as a control group. Cholesterol level, lipid peroxidation, glutathione level (GSH), and antioxidant enzyme activities in erythrocytes were investigated. The damage to erythrocyte proteins was also indicated by means of activity of ATPase (total and Na+,K+ ATPase) and thiol group level. The membrane fluidity of erythrocytes was estimated by the fluorescent method. The cholesterol concentration and the level of lipid peroxidation were significantly higher, whereas the concentration of proteins thiol groups decreased in the patient group. ATPase and GSH peroxidase activities diminished compared to those in the control group. There were no differences in either catalase or superoxide dismutase activities. The membrane fluidity was lower in erythrocytes from patients with MS than in the ones from control group. These results show changes in red blood cells of patients with MS as a consequence of a higher concentration of cholesterol in the membrane and an increased oxidative stress.

Highlights

The metabolic syndrome (MS) was identified as a multiplex risk factor for cardiovascular disease which is one of the major causes of death
These results show changes in red blood cells of patients with MS as a consequence of a higher concentration of cholesterol in the membrane and an increased oxidative stress
The above-presented results point to some essential changes in the erythrocyte plasma membranes

Summary

Introduction

The metabolic syndrome (MS) was identified as a multiplex risk factor for cardiovascular disease which is one of the major causes of death. Overweight or obesity, abnormal lipid metabolism, hypertension, and insulin resistance are the major contributors in MS. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) new definition, a diagnosis of MS can be made when a person has central obesity (waist circumference[94 cm for Europid men and [80 cm for Europid women) and two out of four additional factors are present: raised triglyceride level C150 mg/dL or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality, reduced HDL cholesterol level \40 mg/dL for men and \50 mg/dL for women or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality, raised blood pressure The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2002 showed that almost 40 % of the U.S adults were classified as having the MS [2]. The prevalence of MS among Polish adults is estimated at the level of 23 % (men) and 20 % (women) [3]

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