Abstract
The acrolein production from bio-alcohols methanol and ethanol mixtures using AMnO3 (since A = Ba and/or Sr) perovskite catalysts was studied. All the prepared samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, N2 sorption, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, SEM, TGA, and NH3–CO2-TPD. The catalytic oxidation reaction to produce acrolein has occurred via two steps, the alcohols are firstly oxidized to corresponding aldehydes, and then the aldol is coupled with the produced aldehydes. The prepared perovskite samples were modified by doping A (Sr) position with (Ba) to improve the aldol condensation. The most catalytic performance was achieved using the BaSrMnO3 sample in which the acrolein selectivity reached 62% (T = 300 °C, MetOH/EtOH = 1, LHSV = 10 h−1). The increase in acrolein production may be related to the high tendency of BaSrMnO3 toward C–C coupling formation. The C–C tendency attributes to that modification have occurred in acid/base sites because of metal substitution.
Highlights
Acrolein (CH2]CHCHO) is a signi cant chemical intermediate with high reactivity due to a combination of vinyl and carbonyl groups.[1]
Other distorted forms may be possible in this case. Such structural variations are expected since the greater Ba2+ ion (1.47 A) in the perovskite structure replaces the smaller Sr2+ ion (1.13 A), which results in increased cell volumes and decreased crystallinity, which con rms the substitution of ions.[20]
The physico-chemical properties of hierarchically porous perovskite catalysts were determined by XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 sorption, TEM, SEM, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and NH3–CO2TPD
Summary
In the oxidative alcoholic coupling, the reaction can be carried out in two steps as de ned (eqn (1) and (2)), including partially alcohol oxidation followed by aldol condensation to acrolein.[1,6] The reactions preferably occur in one reactor (allowing energy saving) in which all reactions occur simultaneously. The oxygen vacancy formed and improved electronic conductivity because the doping in the A site, while the doping occurs at the B site, can promote catalytic activity.[13] a great potential proposed that the oxygen vacancies in the perovskite oxide structures play a prominent role in catalytic reactions since oxygen vacancies are preferential sites for O2 adsorption. From this point of view, perovskites showed signi cant air pollution abatement via the pollutant catalytic oxidation reaction. Their catalytic activity was tested in a xed bed reactor in the gas phase
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