Abstract
The oxidation state of vanadium in V-P-O catalysts before and after use has been examined using 31P NMR spin echo mapping. The presence of V 4+ and V 5+ species could be detected for β-VOPO 4, (VO) 2P 2O 7 and industrially-related materials with P/V=0.9, 1.0, and 1.1. Magnetic susceptibility measurements were used to confirm the presence of para-magnetic vanadium in most catalysts which had been exposed to n-butane or 1-butene. Several models of active V-P-O catalysts have been offered previously which can be related to the NMR results.
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