Abstract
Accelerated corrosion of boiler equipment remains a challenge for efficiently utilising biomass- and waste for power production. To overcome this challenge a better understanding of the influence of corrosive species present is required. This study focuses on the influence of KCl(s) on corrosion of Fe-2.25Cr-1Mo at 400 °C. This is done by well-controlled laboratory exposures and detailed microstructural investigation with ion and electron microscopy (TEM, FIB, SEM, EDX, XRD, TKD). The scale microstructures are linked to oxidation kinetics. The results indicate that KCl(s) increases the ionic diffusion through the oxide scale as well as introduces cracks and delamination resulting in a rapid periodic growth process.
Highlights
Utilising renewable and CO2 neutral fuels such as biomass- and waste for power production is an attractive alternative to power plants burning fossil fuels
The results below show the influence of KCl on oxidation of a low alloyed steel at 400 °C both regarding oxidation kinetics, oxide morphology and scale microstructure by the comparison of a reference exposed sample as well as a KCl exposed sample
The corundum (Fe2O3) and spinel ((Fex,Cr1−x)3O4) type oxides were detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the composition determined by Scanning TEM mode (STEM)/Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of a representative region
Summary
Utilising renewable and CO2 neutral fuels such as biomass- and waste for power production is an attractive alternative to power plants burning fossil fuels. Another way to limit corrosion of boiler equipment is to use more corrosion resistant materials, such as stainless steels This is costly and in order to make biomassand waste an economically favourable alternative to fossil fuels the use of less expensive materials, such as low alloyed steels (e.g. Fe-2.25Cr1Mo), as well as higher operating temperatures are interesting goals. To make this possible while maintaining a reasonable lifetime of the boiler equipment it is necessary to increase the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the rapid corrosion of low alloyed steels
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