Abstract
Oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a major feedstock derived from waste/fresh biomass, into 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is an important transformation for the production of biodegradable plastics. Herein, we investigated the effect of the support (unmodified and modified titania, commercial alumina, and untreated and treated Sibunit carbon) of mono- and bimetallic catalysts based on noble metals (Ag, Au, Pd) on selective HMF oxidation with molecular oxygen to FDCA under mild and basic reaction conditions. The higher selectivity to FDCA was obtained when metals were supported on Sibunit carbon (Cp). The order of noble metal in terms of catalyst selectivity was: Ag < Au < Pd < PdAu. Finally, FDCA production on the most efficient PdAu NPs catalysts supported on Sibunit depended on the treatment applied to this carbon support in the order: PdAu/Cp < PdAu/Cp-HNO3 < PdAu/Cp-NH4OH. These bimetallic catalysts were characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Hammet indicator method and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The functionalization of Sibunit surface by HNO3 and NH4OH led to a change in the contribution of the active states of Pd and Au due to promotion effect of N-doping and, as a consequence, to higher FDCA production. HMF oxidation catalyzed by bimetallic catalysts is a structure sensitive reaction.
Highlights
On the basis of these promising results, we explored the performance of bimetallic catalysts with longer run times, up toresults, h
On the basis of these promising we explored the performance of bimetallic catalytic activity, as expected
The efficiency of Ag, Au, Pd and bimetallic PdAu NPs supported on different materials was investigated for aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural into high valuable 2,5-furandicarboxylic (FDCA) under mild conditions
Summary
The unavoidable predicted depletion of fossil resources determines the need to develop methods for using new and renewable sources. Biomass, a valuable source of energy, along with biological and chemical raw materials, can be a real alternative to obtain biofuels and chemicals. Their dehydration into furan derivatives is one of the most intensively developed approaches to biomass transformation [2]. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), produced by fructose or glucose dehydration [3], is considered as a key reagent. It is called a “platform compound” for the production of a variety of practically important products, including polymers, pharmaceuticals, solvents and fuels [4]
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