Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of different Staphylococcus species isolated from pathological processes and lesions in domestic animals in the Czech Republic and to detect and describe oxacillin (methicillin)-resistant strains (MRS). During the years 2019–2020, a total of 5218 veterinary clinical samples from the Czech Republic were tested. Testing was performed by culture methods and typing by molecular phenotypic methods MALDI-TOF MS and PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the strains was performed by the disk diffusion method. A total of 854 staphylococci strains were identified (16.37% prevalence), out of which 43 strains of 6 species of staphylococci were MRS (n = 43; 0.82% prevalence). Of the MRS strains, the most prevalent species were Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (n = 24; 0.46% prevalence) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 7; 0.13% prevalence). Susceptibility testing showed resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and, depending on the species, also to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, and enrofloxacin. For further characterization of MRS, PCR assay for virulence factor genes was performed. Seven of the 14 target genes were observed only in S. aureus, except for the eno gene encoding laminin-binding protein, which was also detected in other staphylococci. It is necessary to emphasize the issue of correct using of antimicrobials in practice and antibiotic policy in university teaching and to create stricter legislation that would prevent the widespread use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine, especially in livestock to reduce the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Highlights
IntroductionSeveral studies have shown that Gram-positive bacteria are apparently the most common microorganisms isolated from different human and veterinary clinical materials [1,2,3,4,5]
Several studies have shown that Gram-positive bacteria are apparently the most common microorganisms isolated from different human and veterinary clinical materials [1,2,3,4,5].This group of bacteria includes staphylococci, which are mostly commensals of the skin and mucous membranes in animals and humans [6,7]
The present study demonstrated high prevalence of some coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) and Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) species detected in animals
Summary
Several studies have shown that Gram-positive bacteria are apparently the most common microorganisms isolated from different human and veterinary clinical materials [1,2,3,4,5]. This group of bacteria includes staphylococci, which are mostly commensals of the skin and mucous membranes in animals and humans [6,7]. Of the coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS), the species of special human and veterinary importance is Staphylococcus aureus, which causes local purulent and systemic infections, as well as human and animal toxaemia [5,9,10,11]. Other CPS such as Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus intermedius, and Staphylococcus delphini, which are included in the Staphylococcus intermedius-group, as well as Staphylococcus schleiferi ssp. coagulans and S. hyicus, are significant primarily in the veterinary sphere [6,12,13,14]. 4.0/).
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