Abstract
AbstractFemales ofNasonia vitripennis(Walk.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) discriminate between unparasitized housefly pupae (Musca domesticaL.) and those parasitized by eitherMuscidifurax raptorG. & S. orSpalangia cameroniPerk. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and lay fewer eggs on parasitized hosts. Oviposirion restraint is more pronounced towards hosts attacked byM.raptorthan towards those attacked byS.cameroni, but less than that exhibited towards pupae previously parasitized byN.vitripennis. Damage to the fly pupae, from piercing by the female’s ovipositor and probably also from a "venom" injected by the female, is responsible for inter- as well as ultra-specific discrimination and restraint.
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