Abstract
Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) has become an important vegetable pest worldwide because of its economic damage to crop production. However, it is difficult to control due to its unique living habits. In this study, the eggs of F. occidentalis were used as the target to explore the ovicidal activity of spirotetramat on the thrips and its effect on hatching, development and formation. After the treatment of spirotetramat, the LC50 value descreased with increased egg age using egg dipping method, and showed the same trend as the leaf dipping method verified on living plants. Through ultra-depth-of-field microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, the egg shell and internal structures of F. occidentalis eggs were studied. Spirotetramat can destroy the egg shells of F. occidentalis, resulting in shrinkage of the egg surface, sunken pores, egg deformities, egg shell rupture and other phenomena. This allows spirotetramat to enter the egg and destroy the egg structure, making the egg internal structure flocculent, fuzzy and unevenly distributed, which affects embryonic development and causes the nymphs to die before hatching. Therefore, the prevention and control of F. occidentalis using spirotetramat before damage is caused to crops should have a better effect.
Highlights
Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) has become an important vegetable pest worldwide because of its economic damage to crop production
Methomyl and hydrochloride, destroyed the inner egg shell of Neoleucinodes elegantalis, inhibited embryonic development and eventually caused the larvae to die before hatching[11]
We explored F. occidentalis eggs were used as insecticide explore the indoor toxicity, embryonic development and egg shell morphology changes caused by spirotetramat on freshly laid F. occidentalis eggs and following some development
Summary
Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) has become an important vegetable pest worldwide because of its economic damage to crop production. The eggs of F. occidentalis were used as the target to explore the ovicidal activity of spirotetramat on the thrips and its effect on hatching, development and formation. Spirotetramat can destroy the egg shells of F. occidentalis, resulting in shrinkage of the egg surface, sunken pores, egg deformities, egg shell rupture and other phenomena This allows spirotetramat to enter the egg and destroy the egg structure, making the egg internal structure flocculent, fuzzy and unevenly distributed, which affects embryonic development and causes the nymphs to die before hatching. The western flower thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is among the world’s most important insect pests[1] It has caused crop damage in Beijing, Shandong Province and other regions of China[2,3], and is increasingly serious. After a period of embryonic development, the eggshell structure may change, which may result in drug resistance
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