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Abstract
Rural water supply sector is urging for sustainability for long time. Till now sustainability is a dream. Enormous efforts for obtaining sustainability become fading due to improper selection of management model for delivery of water in rural areas. Demand driven approach, community participation, community management of services are well known and widely applied in the sector. Community management has proved itself as a good tool for short term and simple point water source management in rural areas. With the advent of technology and due to desire of rural community for more improved services, water supply sector seeks for new models like private or other form of hybrid management. This article attempts to review the merits and demerits of both community management models and private management models in line with sustainability concept. This paper further conceptually provides ground of selection of appropriate management model for sustainability based on the reviewed literatures.
Highlights
This review identified the merits and demerits of each model which would be useful for planners in practice and academia in researches to select appropriate management model for sustainability of rural water supply
Rural water supply is mostly dominated by pure technical options like borehole, dug well, and hand tube well which are not fulfilling the growing demands of the rural people
Improved water supply like piped water supply is complex technical option which cannot be properly managed by the community management
Summary
Water management has emerged as an essential part of the organizational structure of community life. This management starts from the simplest family groups and has gradually become complex and more important in response to the situation caused by water scarcity or increasing population density (Jack, 2009). The management type varies with technical options used and geographical location Among these models, community water supplies are managed mainly by community itself, private operator or state owned utility. Water supply is managed through municipal utilities or local government providers (Lockwood & Smits, 2011). The findings of the study may be instrumental for planners and policy makers to identify appropriate service delivery model for rural water supply system for developing countries
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