Overview of the Near Side of the Moon

Abstract

To understand these photos, one must understand the Moon, its geography, and the factors that have influenced its near side surface. The origin of the Moon was a matter of vigorous debate until about 12 years after the last Apollo mission. In 1984, after many years of analysis of the 300 kilograms (kg), 800 pounds, of rocks and soil returned by Apollo and Luna missions, a consensus was struck that has lasted for the subsequent 20 years. The following narrative retells this consensus origin story, without attempting to review the debate of alternative theories. The curious reader is encouraged to review the references.