Abstract
<p class="Abstract">A requirement of axial force determination in important structural elements of a building or engineering structure during its construction or operational state is very frequent in technical practice. In civil engineering practice, five experimental techniques are usually used for evaluation of axial tensile forces in these elements. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. One of these methods is the magnetoelastic method, that can be used, for example, on engineering structures for experimental determination of the axial forces in prestressed structural elements made of ferromagnetic materials, e.g., prestressed bars, wires and strands. The article presents general principles of the magnetoelastic method, the magnetoelastic sensor layout and actual information and knowledge about practical application of the new approach based on the magnetoelastic principle on prestressed concrete structures. Subsequently, recent results of the experimental verification and the in-situ application of the method are described in the text. The described experimental approach is usable not only for newly built structures but in particular for existing ones. Furthermore, this approach is the only one effectively usable experimental method for determination of the prestressed force on existing prestressed concrete structures in many cases in the technical practice.</p>
Highlights
Five experimental techniques are usually applied in civil engineering practice for evaluation and verification of actual values of axial tensile forces in important structural elements on building constructions.If the total value of the tensile force in the investigated structural elements has to be determined, the two of these methods can be applied only for an experiment in which the applied sensors were installed before the investigated structural elements were activated.Compared to that, the three methods
The three methods
The utilization of the magnetoelastic method for experimental evaluation of axial tensile forces in structural elements started about thirty-five years ago
Summary
Five experimental techniques are usually applied in civil engineering practice for evaluation and verification of actual values of axial tensile forces in important structural elements on building constructions. The vibration frequency method is suitable for application on structural elements with a relatively long free vibrating length and with a relatively low bending stiffness If this method is used on the relatively short one, the uncertainty of the specified tensile force is significantly influenced by the element bending stiffness and by the element boundary conditions, especially if they are complicated and vague. In this case, the results obtained by the vibration frequency method can be improved by using measured natural frequencies of the element and by using measured mode shapes in the process of results evaluation [1], [2]. According to the authors opinion, the modified magnetoelastic method is the only one that can be applied effectively and expediently for evaluation of the prestressed force on existing structures made from the prestressed concrete when the prestressed reinforcement is embedded inside the concrete
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