Abstract
For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D–T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D–T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D–T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme directly contributing to the D–T preparation. This intense preparation includes the review of the physics basis for the D–T operational scenarios, including the fusion power predictions through first principle and integrated modelling, and the impact of isotopes in the operation and physics of D–T plasmas (thermal and particle transport, high confinement mode (H-mode) access, Be and W erosion, fuel recovery, etc). This effort also requires improving several aspects of plasma operation for DTE2, such as real time control schemes, heat load control, disruption avoidance and a mitigation system (including the installation of a new shattered pellet injector), novel ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes (such as the three-ions scheme), new diagnostics (neutron camera and spectrometer, active Alfvèn eigenmode antennas, neutral gauges, radiation hard imaging systems…) and the calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics at 14 MeV for accurate fusion power measurement. The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D–T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D–T operation of ITER, and it is also foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas.
Highlights
Since 2016, the JET scientific programme is engaged in a multi-campaign effort including experiments in D, H and T [1], leading to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D–T mixtures since 1997 (DTE1 campaign [2, 3]), where 16 MW of fusion power was achieved transiently and 4 MW in the steady state, and the first ever D–T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials [4,5,6]
The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D–T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D–T operation of ITER, and it is foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas
JET is a unique device in the sense that it has been designed from the start as a D–T fusion tokamak with the aim to study plasma behavior in conditions and dimensions approaching those required in a fusion reactor, and it has the capability to study the physics of alpha power
Summary
Since 2016, the JET scientific programme is engaged in a multi-campaign effort including experiments in D, H and T [1], leading to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D–T mixtures since 1997 (DTE1 campaign [2, 3]), where 16 MW of fusion power was achieved transiently and 4 MW in the steady state, and the first ever D–T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials [4,5,6]. The preparation for the D–T phase is led in an integrated way and requires the scientific community to develop a unique platform for the study of isotope and fusion power in a first wall environment that is as close possible to the future ITER wall. The impacts of these developments on the ITER research plan [10] will be discussed within each section of this paper
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