Abstract
The Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) test is a commonly used neuropsychological assessment tool. It is widely used to assess the visuo-constructional ability and visual memory of neuropsychiatric disorders, including copying and recall tests. By drawing the complex figure, the functional decline of a patient in multiple cognitive dimensions can be assessed, including attention and concentration, fine-motor coordination, visuospatial perception, non-verbal memory, planning and organization, and spatial orientation. This review first describes the different versions and scoring methods of ROCF. It then reviews the application of ROCF in the assessment of visuo-constructional ability in patients with dementia, other brain diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Finally, based on the scoring method of the digital system, future research hopes to develop a new digital ROCF scoring method combined with machine learning algorithms to standardize clinical practice and explore the characteristic neuropsychological structure information of different disorders.
Highlights
The Complex Figure Test was first designed by [1] in 1941 and standardized by [2] in 1944, which provided preliminary standardized data for 230 children and 60 adults to form the widely used Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) test (Figure 1A)
ROCF is widely used to study the neural relevance of structural functions in healthy individuals and the mapping disorders of patients with dementia and other brain diseases [6,7,8,9,10]
The executive variables of Boston Qualitative Scoring System (BQSS) can distinguish executive disorders from normal people, including vascular dementia [9], Parkinson’s disease [39], schizophrenia [40], attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [41], and senile depression [42], and it is more valuable in exploring poor performance in the recall—for example, a BQSS-based visuospatial memory study found that poor recall performance in schizophrenia is mediated by a defect in the organizational strategy of copying [40]
Summary
The Complex Figure Test was first designed by [1] in 1941 and standardized by [2] in 1944, which provided preliminary standardized data for 230 children and 60 adults to form the widely used Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) test (Figure 1A). It is widely used to assess the visuo-constructional ability and visual memory of neuropsychiatric disorders, including copying and recall tests. By drawing the complex figure, the functional decline of a patient in multiple cognitive dimensions can be assessed, including attention and concentration, fine-motor coordination, visuospatial perception, non-verbal memory, planning and organization, and spatial orientation.
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