Abstract
The scenarios of achieving efiective ionospheric modiflcation are summarized and the likely physical processes engaging linear and nonlinear mode conversions through plasma inhomogeneity and nonlinearity are revealed. Parametric instabilities, which are the directly relevant processes to achieve efiective heating of the ionospheric F region, are formulated and analyzed. The threshold flelds and growth rates of instabilities are obtained. The nonlinear Schrodinger equation governing the nonlinear evolution of Langmuir waves is derived and analyzed. The nonlinear periodic and solitary solutions of the equation are obtained. The analyses illustrate the conditions for the generation of Langmuir soliton and nonlinear periodic Langmuir waves.
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