Abstract
The botanical status in EU, USA, and Thailand is different owing to the regulatory status, the progress of science, and the influence of culture and society. In the EU, botanicals are positioned as herbal medicinal products and food supplements, in the US they are regulated as dietary supplements but often used as traditional medicines, and in Thailand, they are regulated and used as traditional medicines. Information for some of the most popular botanicals from each country is included in this review.
Highlights
Herbal medicines, herbal medicinal products, botanical dietary supplements, and traditional medicines are diversely defined according to the regulations of the country in which the product is manufactured and its final destination
In the European Union (EU) and USA, the extracts and extract fractions are primarily used as active compositions in the products, which are regulated as herbal medicinal products (HMPs), and food supplements in EU, and dietary supplements in USA
Evening primrose oil (EPO) is the fixed oil extracted from the seeds of O. biennis, a native American wild flower introduced into Europe in the early 17th century [13]
Summary
Herbal medicines, herbal medicinal products, botanical dietary supplements, and traditional medicines are diversely defined according to the regulations of the country in which the product is manufactured and its final destination. In the European Union (EU) and USA, the extracts and extract fractions (special extracts) are primarily used as active compositions in the products, which are regulated as herbal medicinal products (HMPs), and food supplements in EU, and dietary supplements in USA. In Asia, the crude drugs are often used as active composition in the products, which are usually classified as traditional medicines. Herbal medicinal products are intended for use as modern and traditional drugs or as food supplements that are used to maintain heath. In Thailand, as a representative of Asian countries, the botanical products are regulated both as traditional medicines and health foods. The purpose of this review is to give a brief overview of the regulatory status of botanicals and some of the more recent data on the therapeutic effects of some of the most popular botanicals in these countries
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