Overstretching partially alkyne functionalized dsDNA using near infrared optical tweezers

Abstract

The force-extension behaviour of synthesized double-stranded DNAs (dsDNAs) designed to have 2.1% or 6.6% of the thymine bases alkyne functionalized was studied using near infrared (NIR) optical tweezers. Measurements were carried out on substrates with and without flurophores covalently attached to the alkyne moiety over an extended force range (F=0−70 pN) and results were compared to those obtained from an unmodified control. In accordance with earlier work [1] (measured over a force range F=0−5 pN), the force-extension of the dsDNA containing 2.1% modified-bases agreed well with that of the control. By contrast, the force-extension of the dsDNA containing 6.6% modified-bases showed an increasing deviation from that of the control as the dsDNA extension approached the molecule's contour length. These results indicate that incorporating alkyne functionalized bases can modify the mechanical properties of the dsDNA and that degree of functionalization should be carefully considered if a fluorescent mechanical analogue is required. A discrepancy between 1) the control dsDNA force-extension measured in Ref. [1] and that measured here and 2) dsDNA extensions carried out on the same duplex at different laser powers was noted; this was attributed to beam heating by the NIR trapping laser which was estimated to raise the local temperature at the optical traps by ΔT≈10–15°C.