Overriding syntactic islands with prosodically marked wh-scope in South Kyŏngsang Korean and two dialects of Japanese

Abstract

This article explores the effect of discourse context and prosody on the resolution ofwh-scope ambiguity in Tokyo Japanese, Fukuoka Japanese, and South Kyŏngsang Korean. It focuses onwh-islands in particular. There is little consensus in the literature as to whetherwh-island effects are present in Japanese or Korean (Huang 1982, Nishigauchi 1990, Lee 1982, Suh 1987, among others). A production study, in which a scope-ambiguouswh-interrogative was preceded by a disambiguating discourse context, demonstrates that speakers’ scope interpretation is consistent with the preceding discourse context. An additional comprehension study reveals that prosodicwh-scope marking observed in the languages studied improves the acceptability of the matrix scope readings in violation ofwh-islands. The experimental results support the view thatwh-island effects can be overridden by plausible discourse contexts as well as the appropriate prosodic marking ofwh-scope. These results highlight the interaction of grammatical knowledge, contextual factors, and prosody.