Overheating, flame, smoke, and freight movement detection algorithms based on charge-coupled device camera for aircraft cargo hold surveillance

Abstract

We introduce a new approach to aircraft cargo compartment surveillance. The originality of the approach is in the use of a single sensor type, a CCD camera, to detect fire events and freight movement in aircraft cargo holds (multiphenomenom/monosensor approach). The CCD camera evaluation and the radiometric and geometric models are provided in (Sentenac et al., 2002). We go on to discuss the image analysis algorithms used in the detection of fire signatures (hot spots, flame, and smoke) and load displacement. For each phenomenon, the discriminant parameters are established and the algorithm is explained. The crucial factor is the validation procedure according to aeronautical standards. The experimental trials were carried out in a test chamber providing the fire and smoke test facilities [TF1 to TF6 following EN 54 (Afnor, 1997) requirements].