Abstract
Oocyte spindle transfer (OST) is a potent reproductive technology used for mammals that enables the spindle in a deteriorated oocyte at the metaphase of the second meiotic division (MII) to serve as the genetic material for producing descendants. However, whether postnatal growth is achieved via OST using developmentally deteriorated MII oocytes remains unclear. At 16 h after human chorionic gonadotropin administration, denuded MII oocytes immediately after retrieval from oviducts (0 h‐oocytes) were used for in vitro fertilization (IVF) as controls. For IVF using postovulatory‐aged oocytes, the 0 h‐oocytes were further incubated for 12 h and 24 h (12 h‐ and 24 h‐oocytes). These mouse oocytes served as a model for assessing the postnatal growth of individuals produced via OST from developmentally deteriorated oocytes. The embryos from 12 h‐ and 24 h‐oocyte spindles exhibited high rates of development up to the neonatal stage as good as the non‐manipulated controls. However, the mice derived from the 24 h‐oocyte spindles displayed heavier body weights and greater feed consumption than both controls and mice derived from 12 h‐oocyte spindles. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of OST as a potent reproductive technology and its limitation in the use of excessively aged postovulatory oocytes in mammalian reproduction.
Highlights
Oocytes are essential for all types of reproduction in mammals
We addressed the postnatal development and growth of Oocyte spindle transfer (OST) mice produced by meiotic division (MII) spindles from oocytes incubated for 12 or 24 h after collection from females that were administered human chorionic gonadotropin to induce ovulation
We first confirmed that embryos derived from 12 h‐oocytes failed to develop to the blastocyst stage, and further, none of the embryos derived from 24 h‐oocytes could cleave
Summary
Oocytes are essential for all types of reproduction in mammals. For normal reproduction through fertilization, including somatic cell animal cloning,[1] and sperm‐free mouse production,[2] the preparation of oocytes to support full‐term development is a prerequisite for completing ontogeny. Without assessments of postnatal growth, it is impossible to argue for the application of OST as a practical reproductive technology We investigated both development at birth and conducted postnatal estimation of growth and feed consumption using a mouse deterioration model of postovulatory‐aged oocytes because there are remarkable cytological similarities regarding the mechanisms of postovulatory aging and other causes of oocyte deterioration, including in vivo aging and cryopreservation.[11,14,15,16,17,18] Oocyte aging resulting from missing the optimal timing of fertilization could be mimicked by postovulatory aging under in vitro culture conditions.[9,11] In this study, we addressed the postnatal development and growth of OST mice produced by MII spindles from oocytes incubated for 12 or 24 h after collection from females that were administered human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to induce ovulation
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