Overflow Metabolism in Penicillium ochrochloron and Causation in Organisms.

Abstract

This article is unorthodox in suggesting a hypothesis which may, at least currently, be inaccessible to experimental tests
This conclusion imposed itself on me from 30 years of work on the excretion of organic acids by Penicillium ochrochloron, i.e., overflow metabolism in the sense of Foster (1949), who first used this term in connection with organic acid excretion by filamentous fungi
Microorganisms in which overflow metabolism was studied in detail are Klebsiella aerogenes (Neijssel et al, 2008), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Bruggeman et al, 2020), Escherichia coli (Basan et al, 2015; Bruggeman et al, 2020), Bacillus subtilis (Dauner et al, 2001), Streptococcus bovis (Russell, 2007), Aspergillus niger (Karaffa and Kubicek, 2003, 2019; Wierckx et al, 2020), Aspergillus carbonarius (Linde et al, 2016) and Penicillium ochrochloron (Vrabl et al, 2017)