Abstract
BackgroundProtein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) has been reported to play important role in the pathogenesis of various cancers. However, its role in colon cancer has not been studied. Here, we aimed to investigate the biological functions and potential mechanism of PRC1 in colon cancer.MethodsThe expression level of PRC1 in colon cancer tissues and cell lines was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of a tissue microarray (TMA). Furthermore, colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and SW480 were treated with short hairpin RNAs against PRC1. The biological function of PRC1 was determined by MTT proliferation, colony formation assay, cell cycle, and apoptosis assays. Then, an in vivo tumor formation assay was conducted to explore the effects of PRC1 on tumor growth.ResultsThe mRNA and protein expression levels of PRC1 were highly expressed in colon cancer tissues and cell lines. PRC1 expression was associated with clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival of patients with colon cancer. Knockdown of PRC1 could decrease proliferation and colony forming ability of colon cancer cells, as well as arrested more cells at G2/M phase and promoted cell apoptosis. In cancer cells, the expression pattern of protein regulators included in cell cycle and apoptosis progress were reverted by PRC1 down-regulation. Additionally, PRC1 down-regulation could suppress colon tumor growth and differentiation.ConclusionsWe confirmed that PRC1 was overexpressed in colon cancer and was associated with poor prognosis of colon cancer patients. PRC1 down-regulation could arrest cell cycle at G2/M stage, inhibit proliferation, and elicit apoptosis. These findings showed the potential of PRC1 to be used for therapeutic approaches in colon cancer.
Highlights
Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) has been reported to play important role in the pathogenesis of various cancers
PRC1 was associated with clinicopathlogical parameters and poor prognosis in colon cancer In order to further explore the expression pattern of PRC1 in colon cancer, we conducted IHC in an established tissue microarray (TMA), which composed of 90 paired colon cancer tissues and neighboring non-cancerous tissues
The results demonstrated that high expression of PRC1 was associated with high TNM stage (P < 0.01), large tumor size (> 5 cm, P < 0.05), and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05); while there was no relationship between PRC1 expression and gender (P = 0.673) as well as age (P = 0.539)
Summary
Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) has been reported to play important role in the pathogenesis of various cancers. Its role in colon cancer has not been studied. We aimed to investigate the biological functions and potential mechanism of PRC1 in colon cancer. For diagnosis of colon cancer, colonoscopy and computed tomography colonography are increasingly used, with histology as identification [5]. Researchers have confirmed the potential of identifying patients with colon cancer according to gene expression signatures [6, 7]. We investigated whether protein regulator of cytokinesis (PRC1) might function as the diagnosis and prognosis of colon and whether showed a potential in targeted treatments of colon cancer
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