Overcoming the self-incompatibility of Raphanus sativus by application of plant hormones, amino acids and vitamines, and by temperature treatment of pollen

Abstract

Overcoming self-incompatibility by application of three kinds of plant hormones, sucrose, 3 kinds of amino acids and 2 kinds of vitamines was tested in cvs. Honbashi-taibyo Minowase (H-Mino) and Minowase (Mino) of Raphanus sativus. Effects differed between the cultivars. In ‘H-Mino’, BA (100 mg/l) and glutamic acid, folic acid and nicotinic acid (500 mg/l) resulted in higher fruit set and higher number of seeds per pollinated flower. In ‘Mino’, BA and NAA (100 mg/l) and glutamic acid and glycine (500 mg/l) induced a high number of seeds per pollinated flower. These chemicals, however, induced parthenocarpic fruit set, especially GA3. From the observation of pollen on stigmas washed with glutamic acid, it appeared that the pollen-tube penetrated into a papilla cell after 1 hour and openings of papillae and detached pollen grains and tubes were found after 2 hours as the result of successful pollentube penetration of papillae. Pollen was heated at 50°C for 30, 45 or 60 minutes, at 60°C for 15, 30 or 45 minutes and at 70°C for 10, 20 or 30 minutes prior to self-pollination. In ‘H-Mino’, 60 and 70°C were effective, and expecially 60°C for 15 or 30 minutes resulted a higher percentage fruit set and more seeds per fruit. In ‘Mino’, although 50–70°C were effective, the mean number of seeds per pollinated flower was lower than in ‘H-Mino’.