Abstract
ABSTRACT Some Annonaceae seeds are known to exhibit dormancy mechanisms ranging from possible seed coat impermeability to physiological dormancy. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of gibberellin (GA) GA3 and GA4+7 + benzyladenine (GA4+7 + BA) application in seeds of Annona macroprophyllata Donn. Sm (papausa) and Annona purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal (chincuya). The experiment was performed by the application of GA3 and GA4+7 + BA on seeds in concentrations of 0, 200, 400, 500, 600, 800 and 1000 mg L-1. The regulators broke the dormancy of both species. However, application of the GA4+7 + BA mixture had more significant results, with greater increases in germination in A. macroprophyllata than in A. purpurea. Treatments that promoted the highest germinations were GA4+7 + BA at a concentration of 200 mg L-1 for A. macroprophyllata (77%) and 200 mg L-1 of GA4+7 + BA and 500 mg L-1 of GA3 for A. purpurea (30% and 29%, respectively). Rate index, mean time and frequency of germination were distinct for both species and both treatments. Although both GA3 and GA4+7 + BA promote germination, the GA4+7 + BA mixture was more effective than GA3 to overcoming seed dormancy of both species, A. purpurea has a harder dormancy than A. macroprophyllata
Highlights
Plant hormones are involved in several plant mechanisms like dormancy and germination
When comparing the effects between growth regulators, it was observed that A. macroprophyllata and A. purpurea seeds treated with GA4+7 + BA mixtures usually had higher percentages of germination than seeds that were treated only with GA3 at all concentrations (p < 0.005)
The only exception was detected in A. purpurea seeds: the percentage of germination with GA4+7 + BA was lower when 500 mg L-1 was used, and no differences was observed between regulators when 600 mg L-1 and 800 mg L-1 were used
Summary
Plant hormones are involved in several plant mechanisms like dormancy and germination. & Sessé ex Dunal (chincuya) are from the low deciduous forest in Southeastern Mexico and Central America and the second species inhabits in SouthAmerica, are edible species consumed fresh and regionally traded. Both species exhibit dormant seeds, likely reflecting an ecological adaptation given that they are dispersed at the end of the rainy season. For both species, the dormancy period varies between six and eight months (GONZÁLEZ ESQUINCA et al 2016), (GONZALES-ESQUINCA et al.,2015)
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