Abstract
One of the most challenging problems in microwave tomography is the reconstruction of dielectric properties inside parts of the human body. This is a crucial task for medical applications such as early cancer diagnostics and focused microwave thermotherapy. If not enough antennas are used, the amount of microwave scattering measurement data will be insufficient for satisfactory imaging with the conventional approach. This paper suggests a method for overcoming insufficient microwave scattering data using simultaneous reconstruction of the body shape and its interior dielectric properties, given the restriction that the shape must be regular and smooth. This restriction allows for reduced uncertainty in the reconstructed images. We developed a 2.5D electromagnetic solver and an iterative method for estimating body shape in the process of image reconstruction. This approach provides successful imaging even with insufficient scattering data. In addition, the simultaneous reconstruction leads to improved accuracy in both restorations.
Highlights
Microwave tomography (MT) for medical applications has attracted substantial interest over the past few decades [1]– [3]
An MT system should be developed beyond theory and simulations into a working prototype that can be used in clinical trials
OF IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION we present the results of simultaneous shape and dielectric contrast image reconstruction based on equations (30), (31) for the two phantoms that are described in Sec
Summary
Microwave tomography (MT) for medical applications has attracted substantial interest over the past few decades [1]– [3]. Placing the antennas too close to each other may result in high mutual coupling between the antennas, introducing error in the measured scattering data To overcome this problem, it can be beneficial to use prior information about the object being imaged [6]–[15]. Structural information derived from ultrasound rather than expensive MRI has been used as prior information for quantitative microwave imaging [9]– [11] As another approach, there are methods for direct shape reconstruction from microwave scattering data, such as linear sampling methods and level set methods [12], [13]. The high dielectric constant of the water leads to small wavelengths relative to the size of the body part of interest at frequencies close to 1 GHz or higher This necessitates the use of a relatively large number of receiving antennas in a circular array. Simultaneous shape and dielectric image reconstruction improves the accuracy of both restorations
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