Overcoming Conversion Therapy: A Qualitative Investigation of Experiences of Survivors

Abstract

Sexual orientation and gender identity and expression change efforts (SOGIECE)—often referred to as conversion therapy—are practices that aim to change, deny, or suppress non-cisnormative gender expressions and gender identities and non-heteronormative sexual orientations. SOGIECE are ineffective and associated with negative biopsychosocial consequences. This qualitative interpretive description study explores how individuals who have experienced SOGIECE recover from these practices. We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 Canadian adults who have experienced SOGIECE. Using thematic analysis, we derived three interrelated themes pertaining to participants’ recovery from SOGIECE: 1) rebuilding social support and finding strength in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) and LGBTQ+-affirming communities; 2) overcoming SOGIECE through affirming therapy and healthcare support; and 3) managing SOGIECE instigators. Based on these findings, we offer recommendations to facilitate the recovery process of people who experience SOGIECE, including enhancing access to LGBTQ+-affirming spaces and mental healthcare.