Abstract
Objetivo: correlacionar o impacto da sobrecarga do cuidador na qualidade de vida do paciente oncológico em cuidados paliativos Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, observacional, transversal, com 50 pacientes oncológicos em cuidados paliativos e 50 cuidadores. Aplicou-se um questionário sociodemográfico para os cuidadores e familiares, a Escala Zarit Burden Interview, o Questionário EORT QLQ –C15-PAL, a Escala de Resiliência Adaptada de Wagnild & Young e a Escala de Pensamento Catastrófico da Dor, uso do Teste t, Correlação de Spearman, Correlação de Pearson e regressão linear. Utilizou-se o Programa SPSS, versão 20.0 para a análise dos dados. Resultados: informa-se que os domínios da qualidade de vida que mostraram associação independente com a sobrecarga do cuidador foram a fatiga, a falta de apetite, a constipação e o impacto global. Manteve-se associação independente pelo catastrofismo da dor do paciente com a sobrecarga do cuidador, não houve associação entre a resiliência do paciente e a sobrecarga do cuidador e 40% dos cuidadores apresentaram sobrecarga severa. Conclusão: nota-se que o aumento da sobrecarga do cuidador diminui a qualidade de vida do paciente oncológico em cuidados paliativos. Descritores: Sobrecarga de Cuidadores; Qualidade de Vida; Cuidados Paliativos; Oncologia; Dor do Câncer, Resiliência.AbstractObjective: to correlate the impact of caregiver burden on the quality of life of cancer patients in palliative care. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study with 50 cancer patients in palliative care and 50 caregivers. A sociodemographic questionnaire was applied for caregivers and family members, the Zarit Burden Interview Scale, the EORT QLQ –C15-PAL Questionnaire, the Wagnild & Young Adapted Resilience Scale and the Catastrophic Pain Thinking Scale, using the t Test, Spearman's correlation, Pearson's correlation and linear regression. The SPSS program, version 20.0, was used for data analysis. Results: it is reported that the domains of quality of life that showed an independent association with caregiver burden were fatigue, lack of appetite, constipation and the global impact. An independent association was maintained due to the catastrophism of the patient's pain with the burden of the caregiver, there was no association between the patient's resilience and the burden of the caregiver and 40% of the caregivers presented severe burden. Conclusion: it is noted that the increase in caregiver burden reduces the quality of life of cancer patients in palliative care. Descriptors: Caregivers Burden; Quality of Life; Palliative Care; Oncology; Cancer Pain; Resiliencia.ResumenObjetivo: correlacionar el impacto de la carga del cuidador en la calidad de vida de los pacientes oncológicos en cuidados paliativos Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, observacional, transversal con 50 pacientes oncológicos en cuidados paliativos y 50 cuidadores. Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico para cuidadores y miembros de la familia, la Escala Zarit Burden Interview, el Cuestionario EORT QLQ-C15-PAL, la Escala de Resiliencia Adaptada Wagnild& Young y la Escala de Pensamiento de Dolor Catastrófico, usando la Prueba t, Correlación de Spearman, la Correlación de Pearson y regresión lineal. El programa SPSS, versión 20.0, se utilizó para el análisis de datos. Resultados: se informa que los dominios de calidad de vida que mostraron una asociación independiente con la carga del cuidador fueron fatiga, falta de apetito, estreñimiento y el impacto global. Se mantuvo una asociación independiente debido al catastrofismo del dolor del paciente con la sobrecarga del cuidador, no hubo asociación entre la resistencia del paciente y la sobrecarga del cuidador y el 40% de los cuidadores presentaron una sobrecarga severa. Conclusión: se observa que el aumento de la sobrecarga del cuidador reduce la calidad de vida de los pacientes oncológicos en cuidados paliativos. Descriptores: Carga del Cuidador; Calidad de Vida; Cuidados Paliativos; Oncología; Dolor de Cáncer, Resiliencia.
Highlights
The concern with the concept of Quality of Life (QOL) is aimed at valuing broader parameters than symptom control, decreased mortality or increased life expectancy.[1]
The study presents the final result of the research analysis, which took place between January 2018 and June 2018, totaling 100 participants who composed this research, 50 of which were cancer patients and diagnosed with Palliative Care and 50 were caregivers of these patients, as long as they describe themselves as primary caregivers
In the analysis of these data, there was a predominance of females (27 = 54%); the average age of patients at diagnosis was 57.6 years; there was a prevalence of white race (43 = 86%) and the educational level was characterized by a significant number of patients with incomplete primary education (30 = 60%); of the neoplasms presented, there was a predominance of gynecological neoplasms; with regard to treatment, there was a greater incidence in the combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery (26 = 52%) and the longest time since cancer diagnosis was 29.54 + 52.02, with 10.80 + 66.00 being treated for palliative care
Summary
The concern with the concept of Quality of Life (QOL) is aimed at valuing broader parameters than symptom control, decreased mortality or increased life expectancy.[1]. The available resources of the public health area are directed towards curative medicine, when, too, they should be aimed at promoting health through Preventive Medicine.[2]. QOL has been used in several lines of research and in wide areas of activity. QOL was defined by the World Health Organization (WHO),[3] as "the individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value system in which they live and is inserted and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".4. The concept of QOL changes and transformations will suffer when the diagnosis of cancer is confirmed. Feelings and reactions related to changes in their daily routine and the search for new adaptations will be faced by the patient.[5]
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