Abstract
Overactive bladder in children is a bothersome and prevalent disorder that presents with a variety of different symptoms, ranging from irritative voiding symptoms such as frequency and urgency to urinary incontinence and/or nocturnal enuresis. In almost all cases of overactive bladder in neurologically intact children, the root cause has been linked to dysfunctional elimination syndrome. Although a great deal of progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of dysfunctional elimination, and previous harmful therapies have been for the most part abandoned, several unanswered questions remain regarding this disorder, which are partly due to a wide spectrum of presenting disorders and the difficulty of performing complex urodynamic evaluations in small children. In this review, we seek to address some of these uncertainties, such as the causes of pediatric overactive bladder, how it can be prevented, and how it can be most efficaciously treated.
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