Abstract
Branch angle is a key shoot architecture trait that strongly influences the ornamental and economic value of garden plants. However, the mechanism underlying the control of branch angle, an important aspect of tree architecture, is far from clear in roses. In the present study, we isolated the RrLAZY1 gene from the stems of Rosa rugosa ‘Zilong wochi’. Sequence analysis showed that the encoded RrLAZY1 protein contained a conserved GΦL (A/T) IGT domain, which belongs to the IGT family. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed that RrLAZY1 was expressed in all tissues and that expression was highest in the stem. The RrLAZY1 protein was localized in the plasma membrane. Based on a yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments, the RrLAZY1 protein was found to interact with auxin-related proteins RrIAA16. The over-expression of the RrLAZY1 gene displayed a smaller branch angle in transgenic Arabidopsis inflorescence and resulted in changes in the expression level of genes related to auxin polar transport and signal transduction pathways. This study represents the first systematic analysis of the LAZY1 gene family in R. rugosa. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of rose plant types and molecular breeding and provide valuable information for studying the regulation mechanism of branch angle in other woody plants.
Highlights
Rosa rugosa, belonging to the Rosaceae family, has showy flowers and a strong fragrance [1]
The results showed that RrLAZY1 interacted with RrIAA16 on the cell membrane
We found that the expression levels of RrLAZY1 were higher in the stem and leaf of rose but lower in the flower and root, which was consistent with the expression patterns of the LAZY1 gene in poplar and sallow [8,32], indicating that the LAZY1 gene mainly plays a regulatory role in the aboveground part of the plant
Summary
Rosa rugosa, belonging to the Rosaceae family, has showy flowers and a strong fragrance [1]. It is an important spring flower species in garden landscaping. Domestic and foreign research on roses has mainly focused on flower color, floral fragrance, breeding, variety classification, and flowering period regulation, and the study of the plant architecture has been very limited [1,2,3,4]. Plant architecture is an important ornamental element of garden plants and plays a vital role in the composition of garden landscapes. Single-plant architecture is the limiting condition for the further popularization of rose plants in gardens [5]. The study of rose creeping plants will help to increase the application of rose plants and is of great significance in creating more diverse garden plant types
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