Abstract
We investigated the expression of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (ROR) 2 and Wnt5a and their prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine the expression of ROR2 and Wnt5a in 219 patients. mRNA expression of ROR2 and Wnt5a was examined in 20 pairs of NSCLC and matched adjacent normal tissues by real-time PCR. Compared with non-tumorous tissues, both mRNA expression and protein product of ROR2 and Wnt5a genes were significantly increased in NSCLC. c2 analysis revealed that high ROR2 or Wnt5a expression in NSCLC was significantly associated with advanced TNM stage. High expression of both ROR2 and Wnt5a was also related to advanced TNM stage. Multivariate analyses suggested that ROR2, Wnt5a and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors in NSCLC. Our clinical findings suggest that high ROR2 or Wnt5a expression is associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC, and combined detection of ROR2 and Wnt5a is helpful in predicting the prognosis of NSCLC.
Highlights
Lung cancer is one of the primary causes of cancerrelated death worldwide, and > 80% of lung cancer patients have non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [1,2,3]
Relative expression of ROR2 and Wnt5a mRNA in NSCLC and matched tumor-adjacent tissues were quantified by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
When normalized to 18S rRNA, ROR2 mRNA expression level was significantly higher in NSCLC tissues (n = 20) compared with matched non-cancerous tissues (n = 20) (0.75 ± 0.10 vs 0.5 ± 0.07, P = 0.0381), and significantly elevated Wnt5a mRNA expression level in NSCLC was found (0.99 ± 0.12 vs 0.47 ± 0.06, P = 0.0003) (Figure 1)
Summary
Lung cancer is one of the primary causes of cancerrelated death worldwide, and > 80% of lung cancer patients have non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [1,2,3]. Despite the improvements in treatment methods (such as surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy), the long-term survival of NSCLC is still unsatisfactory, with 5-year survival rate < 10% due to cancer metastasis and relapse [4, 5]. The identification of useful biomarkers is urgent. The literature has indicated that ROR2 is implicated in various cancers including metastatic melanoma [8], osteosarcoma [9, 10], and renal cancer [11]. Expression of ROR2, as well as its prognostic significance has not been evaluated in lung cancer
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