Ovarian structure, folliculogenesis and oogenesis of the annual killifish Millerichthys robustus (Cyprinodontiformes: Cynolebiidae).

Abstract

Cellular aspects of oocyte development of the Mexican rivulus Millerichthys robustus were morphologically described in order to analyze ovarian function and the cellular recruitment dynamics associating it with life history strategies of annual killifishes. Millerichthys is an iteroparous batch spawner with continuous oocyte recruitment and indeterminate fecundity with asynchronous development of the follicles. It has two ovaries of cystovarian type, with a central lumen, which communicates with the outside through the caudal region of the ovary, that is, the gonoduct. From the walls of the ovary, irregular lamellae composed of germinal epithelium and vascularized stroma project. Oogenesis starts with oogonial proliferation, found alone or in nests within the germinal epithelium. The oogonia come into meiosis becoming oocytes and advancing to the chromatin nucleolus stage and to early primary growth stage. Folliculogenesis is completed in the primary growth stage and cortical alveoli step. Follicles moves toward the stroma, but they continue to be attached to the germinal epithelium through the basement membrane until ovulation. The inclusion of fluid yolk in the follicles during the secondary growth stage was observed. During ovulation, the follicle collapsed, the oocyte was released into the lumen, and the constitutive elements of the post-ovulatory follicle complex remained in the stroma.