Ovarian sclerosing stromal tumour in a 39-year-old lady- A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

One of the rarest ovarian sex cord-stromal tumour is Sclerosing Stromal Tumour (SST). It commonly presents as lower abdominal pain and tenderness, with or without a mass, and/or abnormal menses. As the clinical presentation and imaging are like borderline or malignant epithelial tumours and sex cord-stromal tumours, accurate preoperative clinical diagnosis can be a challenge and the diagnosis is usually made following postoperative histopathologic examination. Understanding the clinicopathological characteristics of this tumour is vital for accurate preoperative diagnosis, which can be essential for planning of care and treatment for patients. Along with a review of the current literature, we present a case of a young female with SST. This patient presented with prolonged menstrual bleeding. She underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with right salpingo-oophorectomy and left salpingectomy. The histopathological examination revealed the salient features of SST like cellular heterogeneity, hemangiopericytoma (HPC) like vascular structures, and a pseudo lobular architecture with cellular nodules separated by hypocellular, oedematous, and collagenous stroma, hence confirming the diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of considering SST as a differential diagnosis, in young patients with ovarian mass having the morphological and histopathological characteristics, despite its rarity in occurrence.