Ovarian mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation: two case reports

Afsaneh Tehranian,Arezoo Maleki-Hajiagha,Akram Seifollahi,Hamideh Dehghani-Nejad,Sara Kasraei,Akram Ghahghaei-Nezamabadi

doi:10.1186/s13256-020-02594-4

Afsaneh Tehranian, Arezoo Maleki-Hajiagha + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-020-02594-4

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Abstract

BackgroundMature Cystic Teratoma (MCT) is a benign tumor that can lead to malignant transformation (MT) in 1–3% of cases. Management of MT is a big challenge for gynecologic oncologists due to the lack of specific diagnostic and treatment protocols.Case presentationWe reported two Iranian cases of MT of MCT with two different stages and prognosis. Our both cases presented the same symptoms, including chronic abdominal pain and distention, loss of appetite, and weight loss. In case number 1, despite the large size of the tumor, the disease was at stage Ia and had a good prognosis; while, case number 2 was at stage IIIc of the disease with a poor prognosis.ConclusionThe stage of the disease is the most important prognostic factor, and early diagnosis and treatment are very critical for better survival.

Highlights

Mature cystic teratoma (MCT), a benign tumor commonly called the dermoid cyst, is the most common type of ovarian germ cell tumors
Malignant transformation (MT) is a rare and the worst complication of Mature Cystic Teratoma (MCT) that occurs in 1–3% of cases, especially postmenopausal women
We considered a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) scan (PET/CT) for her that it found no evidence in favor of metastasis

Summary

Introduction

Mature cystic teratoma (MCT), a benign tumor commonly called the dermoid cyst, is the most common type of ovarian germ cell tumors. Case 1 A 51-year-old, gravida 2, para 2, Iranian woman, suspected to have an ovarian tumor, was referred to our hospital She complained of pelvic pain, anorexia, and weight loss of 10 kg over the past 3–4 months. Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scan showed a complex large solid-cystic (125 × 118 mm) mass with fat components, originated from the right adnexa, suggesting an ovarian dermoid cyst. Case 2 A 53-year-old, gravid 4, para, postmenopausal Iranian woman with a suspicious ovarian tumor referred to our hospital’s oncologic clinic She complained of chronic abdominal pain and distention, loss of appetite, and weight loss of 7–8 kg during the last 8 months. The histological examination revealed a well-differentiated SCC arising in mature cystic teratoma involving ovarian serosa, omentum, uterine serosa, myometrium pelvic serosa as retrovesical and rectosigmoid mass (Fig. 5). 9 months after the diagnosis of the SCC, the patient passed away due to multiorgan failure related to the widespread chemoresistant disease

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