Outcomes of Transcatheter Closure in Outlet-Type Ventricular Septal Defect after 1 Year

Abstract

<b>Background:</b> Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart disease. Transcatheter VSD closure is an effective treatment for patients with muscular and perimembranous VSD. However, there is a limit data for outlet VSD, especially impact to the aortic valve leaflet after transcatheter closure. This study aims to assess the outcomes of transcatheter closure of the outlet-type ventricular septal defect (OVSD) after 1 postoperative year. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective study was performed including 50 patients who underwent transcatheter (n = 25) and surgical (n = 25) OVSD closure during the exact time frame at two medical centres. <b>Results:</b> The median age and body weight of patients in the transcatheter group were significantly higher than those of patients in the surgical group (7.0 <i>vs.</i> 2.8 years; 27.0 <i>vs.</i> 11.4 kg; <i>p </i>< 0.01). The defect size in the surgical group was significantly larger than that in the transcatheter group (5.0 <i>vs.</i> 3.0 mm; <i>p</i> < 0.01). All OVSD patients have successful transcatheter closure (100%) as effective as surgical closure. Less than small residual shunt was present 20% and 8% immediately after the procedure in the transcatheter and surgical groups (<i>p </i>= 0.50), which decreased to 12% and 4% at the 1-year follow-up (<i>p </i>= 0.61), respectively. No incidence of complete atrioventricular block and other complications was observed in both groups, and no significant differences were noted in the new onset or worsening of the aortic regurgitation in both groups (<i>p </i>= 1.0). <b>Conclusions:</b> Transcatheter treatment could be effectively and safely achieved for OVSD closure at 1-year follow-up.