Abstract
BackgroundPrimary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a treatment of choice for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Of the various risk stratification scores that have been introduced, the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) score is among the most used modalities. Patients with a TIMI score of five or higher are classified as high-risk patients with higher rates of adverse events. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the rate of adverse events after primary PCI in patients presenting with STEMI and a TIMI score of five or higher.MethodologyThis descriptive study was conducted at the cardiology department of the Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, from February 2018 to August 2018. The patients included in this study consisted of a total of 150 men and women who presented to the ED with concerns of chest pain and were diagnosed with STEMI and had a TIMI score of five or higher. Consultant cardiologists performed primary PCI procedures, and any post-procedure adverse events were recorded during the patients’ hospital stays (up to one week), including mortality, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and ventricular arrhythmias.ResultsThe study population was 83.3% male and 16.7% female patients, and the mean age was 54.0 ± 9.4 years. The mean BMI was 27.34 ± 2.76 kg/m2. The mean TIMI score was 9.19 ± 2.71, with a TIMI score higher than eight for 52.7% of patients. Death was observed in 18.7% of cases, heart failure in 21.3% of cases, cardiogenic shock in 13.3% of cases, and ventricular arrhythmia in 22.0% of cases.ConclusionA TIMI risk score of five or higher can identify patients at high risk not only for mortality, but also for heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and ventricular arrhythmias.
Highlights
During the twentieth century, there was a decrease in the loss of life and disabilities due to communicable diseases, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) replaced communicable diseases as the leading cause of death and disability worldwide [1]
This study aimed to determine the rate of adverse events after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients presenting with segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and a thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) score of five or higher
We aimed to determine the rate of adverse events after primary PCI in patients presenting with STEMI with a TIMI score of five or higher
Summary
There was a decrease in the loss of life and disabilities due to communicable diseases, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) replaced communicable diseases as the leading cause of death and disability worldwide [1]. CVDs currently remain the leading cause of death, and approximately 80% of this burden is contributed by low- and middle-income countries [3,4], such as the South Asian countries. Risk factors for CVD are the same throughout the world, lifestyle transitions such as urbanization accompanied by decreased physical activity and increased consumption of tobacco products are contributing to the escalation and progression of CVD in these nations [3]. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a treatment of choice for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients with a TIMI score of five or higher are classified as high-risk patients with higher rates of adverse events. This study aimed to determine the rate of adverse events after primary PCI in patients presenting with STEMI and a TIMI score of five or higher
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